THE TRAGIC LOVE STORY OF THE YUCATAN—ALMA REED AND FELIPE CARRILLO PUERTO

 

Felipe Carrillo Puerto and Alma Reed (By Merida de Yucatan)

Star Crossed Lovers, Part 2

Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Yucatan's progressive governor of the Yucatan, and San Francisco journalist Alma Reed are two names forever linked to Yucatan history. Their romance fueled pages in newspapers on both sides of the border, but the unlikely outcome of their very public romance enlisted all the elements of Greek tragedy. 

Reed was born in San Francisco and became one of the city's first women reporters. An advocate for the poor, Reed assisted a Mexican family in commuting the death sentence of their 17-year old son in 1921. The story was picked up by the Mexican press and due to heightened publicity, Mexico President Alvaro Obregon invited Reed to visit his country.

ENTER EDWARD THOMPSON

As a stringer correspondent, she also reported for The New York Times and was sent to meet Edward Thompson, the leading archeologist excavating Chichen Itza. During the visit, Reed met Felipe Carrillo Puerto, dynamic governor of the State of Yucatan, also known as an agrarian reformer.

Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Agrarian Reformer

Carrillo had commissioned a road to be built from Merida to Chichen Itza, opening the budding archeological site to both tourists and scientists. To commemorate the event, he'd organized a welcome ceremony inviting North American journalists and archeologists. 

UXMAL AND CARRILLO 

At the ruins, Reed interviewed the famed Thompson who had gone to Yucatan specifically to excavate Chichen Itza. Thompson took a liking to Reed and divulged he had in fact dredged Chichen Itza's sacred cenote, garnering gold and jade jewelry and ornaments he'd taken from the sacrificial victims. Astonished by the enormity of Thompson's admission, like the true-born paparazzi she was, Reed asked Thompson to sign a confession, which he did.

Chicen Itza (By Frederick Catherwood)

After Chichen Itza, the assembled entourage went on to Uxmal. During this leg of the journey, Reed and Carrillo got acquainted. Reed was fascinated with the charismatic Carrillo who had been called both a Bolshevik and a Marxist for his sweeping reforms.

Caught in the Act, Thompson Dredging Chichen Itza Cenote

In her interview with the governor, Carrillo explained Yucatan had been inhabited by a handful of powerful families dating back to 1542 when Merida was founded. These wealthy landowners were basically slave masters and notorious for their cruel treatment of the Maya. 

REVOLUTIONARY IN THE MAKING

In 1910 Carrillo had fought alongside Emiliano Zapata in Central Mexico. From their association he took Zapata's battle cry, Tierra y Liberdad, (Land and Liberty) for his own. Back in Yucatan, Carrillo claimed part Maya, part Creole heritage and began his reforms by setting up feminist leagues in Merida that legalized birth control and the first family planning clinics in the Western Hemisphere. As governor, he became an agrarian reformer: He seized uncultivated land from powerful hacendados and distributed it to the Maya, stating it was their birthright. He built schools. He reformed the prison system. 

Carrillo Puerto Amongst His People (By Instituto de Anthropologia)

No small wonder Reed named him the Abraham Lincoln of Mexico. As a liberal she agreed with his reforms. And besides that, she was smitten. But as a divorced woman and a Catholic, she tried to ignore the feelings she was developing for the married father of four. She left for the U.S., vowing never to return, in hopes of severing ties in what was becoming amor calido or steamy romance as the English translation went.

Two months later, however, The New York Times sent her packing back to Mexico to cover the archeology scandal involving Edward Thompson and his dredging of the Chichen Itza cenote which she exposed. She had a job to do.

Carrillo Puerto and Reed (By Forasteros)

On her second round in Mexico, both Reed and Carrillo's feelings couldn't be ignored. In the ultimate taboo, Carrillo divorced his wife to become engaged to Reed. He even had a romantic love song composed for her, still popular today, La Peregrina (The Pilgrim). 

It seemed a match made in heaven. The two idealists prepared for their wedding which would take place in San Francisco. Reed hastened back to the U.S. to make arrangements before her permanent move to Mexico. 

SEND LAWYERS, GUNS AND MONEY

Shortly after her departure to the U.S., however, another Mexican revolution seemed imminent. Fighting had broken out in the Yucatan and henequen planters and hacendados were trying to overthrow Carrillo due to his reforms. President Obregon's right hand man, de la Huerta, was opposing him and because Carrillo backed Obregon, he was at risk. Carrillo was forced to find guns to fight both the planters and de la Huerta's forces. And to make matters worse, he now had a $250,000 reward on his head. 

To secure the guns and ammunition they would need to do battle, Carrillo went by night to the Progreso coast with three brothers and six friends as guards to catch a boat to New Orleans. Just as they waded out to the launch that would take them to the U.S. where they'd acquire the firearms needed for their revolution, a Navy captain signaled to soldiers lying in wait on shore. The soldiers rowed out and captured Carrillo who told his small group to not fight but to go peacefully.

De la Huerta's forces took them back to Merida and jailed them overnight for an arraignment in the morning. Carrillo refused to make a plea. He was, after all, governor of the state and refused to recognize a kangaroo court. He was condemned on January 3, 1924, and taken to Merida Cemetery where he, his brothers and friends were lined up against the wall to await the firing squad. The first round of volleys was sent over their heads—the soldiers didn't want to kill them, so fiercely loyal were the Yucatecans to Carrillo. 

The commander shouted that those soldiers were to be shot, and over the dead bodies of the first soldiers, Carrillo, brothers and friends were executed as they stood with their backs against the cemetery wall.  

Merida Cemetery Where Carrillo Puerto Is Buried

A MARTYR'S DEATH 

In San Francisco, Alma Reed had been alerted that trouble was at hand. She heard the news shortly afterwards that Carrillo had died in Yucatan, a martyr's death, at 49.

Reed insisted on returning to Merida to see the spot where Carrillo fell. She stayed but briefly in the Yucatan and on arriving back to New York, was sent on an assignment to Carthage to explore ancient ruins. She would never re-marry. Her reporting life eventually took her back to Mexico where she helped establish the artist Jose Clements Orozco. 

One of Reed's fears was that President Obregon had a hand in killing Carrillo. He had, after all, assassinated Zapata after luring him to a truce meeting along with Pancho Villa. Reed thought Carrillo's radicalism may have aroused opposition from the Mexican president but she could never prove the link. 

Isignia of Pueblo Felipe Carrillo Puerto

The pueblo of Chan Santa Cruz, south of Tulum, changed its name to honor the Yucatan governor, and goes by the name Felipe Carrillo Puerto. Alma Reed died in Mexico City at age 77 in November, 1966, while undergoing surgery.

Antoinette May's book The Passionate Pilgrim, the Extraordinary Life of Alma Reed, tells the story of Reed and Carrillo Puerto as does Alma Reed's Peregrina: Love and Death in Mexico.

If you enjoyed this post, check out  Where the Sky is Born: Living in the Land of the Maya, on Amazon. My website is www.jeaninekitchel.com. Books one and two in my Mexico cartel trilogy, Wheels Up—A Novel of Drugs, Cartels and Survival, and Tulum Takedown, are also on Amazon. And my journalistic overview of the Maya 2012 calendar phenomenon, Maya 2012 Revealed: Demystifying the Prophecy, is on Amazon.

 

REUNITED AT LAST—STAR CROSSED LOVERS HELOISE AND ABELARD

Heloise and Abelard (Artist Unknown)

UNLUCKY IN LOVE

While wandering through Pere-Lachaise Cemetery in Paris looking for the graves of Jim Morrison and Oscar Wilde I spotted the crypt of Heloise and Abelard. At the time I wasn't familiar with their tale of love gone wrong. I was simply fascinated by the dramatic tomb effigies—reclining figures of a man and woman laid atop a stone slab, hands pressed together in prayer.

Writes Medieval Histories, "Among the thousands of tombs in Pere-Lachaise, there is no man, no woman, no youth of either sex ever passes by without stopping to examine one crypt. This is the grave of Abelard and Heloise, a grave which has been more revered, more written and sung about and wept over for 700 years. But not one in 20,000 clearly remembers the story of that tomb and its romantic occupants. Visitors linger pensively about it and Parisian youths and maidens who are disappointed in love come here when they are full of tears. Go when you will, and you will find someone snuffling over that tomb; you will find it furnished with bouquets and immortelles."

The tomb of Heloise and Abelard, Pere-Lachaise

REUNITED IN DEATH

Theirs is a touching and immortal story of two people divided by circumstance who longed to be together. So moving was their love that in 1817, Napoleon's wife, Josephine Bonaparte, ordered the lovers' remains be entombed together in the famous cemetery centuries after their deaths in the 1100s. Ever since Josephine reunited them, their impressive tomb has been a pilgrimage spot visited by lovers from around the world who leave love notes at the crypt in the hope of finding undying love.

The fated love story went like this: In the 12th century, a niece of the canon of Notre Dame, Heloise, gifted in the study of Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, wanted to study as young men were allowed to. Because of her precocious nature and high level of intelligence and her uncle's ability to pull strings, she would become the sole female student of the greatest living theologian and intellectual of that time, Peter Abelard. 

LOVE AND BETRAYAL

Abelard, 20 years her senior, fell in love with his student and the feeling was reciprocated. Soon afterwards they were found out and escaped to Brittany where Heloise, pregnant, gave birth to a son, Astrolabe. Her uncle, the canon, urged them to return to Paris where they were secretly married.

Not long after their vows, the canon betrayed them by disclosing their marriage. Heloise, at Abelard's suggestion, fled to a convent at Argenteuil. Her uncle, believing she was through with Abelard, had him beaten and castrated as an act of revenge for the family. On Abelard's urging, Heloise took her vows to the church and became a nun. She was forced to give up her child.

Relief of Heloise and Abelard, Paris

After the disastrous end to their affair and marriage, Abelard also turned to the church. He became a monk at the abbey of St. Denis where he continued his teachings and writings.

Their passion is known through love letters they exchanged over 20 years during which time Heloise became an abbess and Abelard continued his reign as the most prominent theologian of the time. The book, Stealing Heaven: The Love Story of Heloise and Abelard, by Marion Meade, tells the tale of their tragic love story.

Pere-Lachaise tomb of Heloise and Abelard

DIVIDED BY CIRCUMSTANCE

The story of Heloise and Abelard was well known in their lifetime: they were famous in their own rights prior to the affair. She, for her remarkable intelligence, and he for his stature as a philosopher, theologian, and teacher. A number of historians took note of them and great poets and dramatists found them fascinating, states author Meade. It's said that Shakespeare, in 1606, began work on Abelard and Elois, a Tragedie, a project that he would abandon for Antony and Cleopatra. If the bard had penned that play, their names would be as common to love as the names Romeo and Juliet.

Some accounts say the star-crossed lovers met once more at a chance meeting in Paris while others say they never met again. But through their letters, the story of their love has endured. It seems only fitting that they're buried side by side in Pere-Lachaise after long years of separation while in the flesh.

Abelard died in 1142 and Heloise in 1163 at the Paraclete, which means one who consoles, in Ferreux Quincey, on land owned by Abelard that he came upon in his wandering years.

Part 2 of Star Crossed Lovers will post February 14: The Tragic Romance of Alma Reed and Felipe Carrillo Puerto. Stay tuned.

Stealing Heave, by Marion Meade

If you enjoyed this post, check out  Where the Sky is Born: Living in the Land of the Maya, on Amazon. My website is www.jeaninekitchel.com. Books one and two in my Mexico cartel trilogy, Wheels Up—A Novel of Drugs, Cartels and Survival, and Tulum Takedown, are also on Amazon. And my journalistic overview of the Maya 2012 calendar phenomenon, Maya 2012 Revealed: Demystifying the Prophecy, is on Amazon.